On day 14, all participants reported applying the device and manual eyelid techniques as instructed during Discussion Clinical measurements did not differ significantly between the two treatment groups at baseline (all p > 0.05). Summary statistics of clinical measurements at baseline, 15 min (post-treatment), and day 14 (post-follow up) are presented in Table 2, Table 3. The mean ± SD age of the 20 enrolled participants (11 females, 9 males) was 27 ± 11 years, and the mean ± SD OSDI score was 30 ± 12. Subjects were required to be 16 years or older, with symptomatic dry eye, no major ocular or systemic diseases (other than dry eye disease, anterior blepharitis, or meibomian gland dysfunction), no previous ocular surgery, no contact lens wear, and no use of topical or Results This prospective, two-week, investigator-masked, randomised, contralateral-eye study adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and was approved by the University of Auckland Human Participants Ethics Committee. The purpose of this randomised contralateral-eye study was therefore to compare the effects of the device and manual eyelid massage techniques, as an adjunct to warm compress therapy, on ocular surface and tear film measurements, after single application by a clinician and following a two-week period of self-administered daily treatment at home. However, the relative efficacy of the device compared to manual eyelid massage techniques has not yet been established.
The flexible hand-held device is manufactured from silicone, and exerts controlled, vertical pressure over closed eyelids. 1) has become commercially available, and is marketed to enhance meibum expression as an adjunct to warm compress therapy. Recently, an eyelid massage device (Eyepeace, UK, Fig. The restoration of natural meibum to the lipid layer has previously been demonstrated to improve tear film quality, and provide symptomatic relief from dry eye disease, , ,13,16,17]. Physical expression of the meibomian gland secretions, through the use of warm compress therapy and eyelid massage techniques, is typically recommended for the management of MGD, ,, ,, , ].
The compromised integrity of the surface lipid layer of the tear film can then lead to hyper-evaporation, and perpetuate a vicious cycle of tear film instability, hyperosmolarity, and ocular surface inflammation, ,, ]. In MGD, the increased melting points of the meibomian gland secretions and viscosity can contribute towards blockage and inflammation of the ductal system, diminishing the quantity and quality of lipids delivered to the tear film, , ]. Evaporative disease considered the more prevalent dry eye aetiological subtype, and is commonly caused by meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).
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